The report’s first chapter provides information on the security situation, including information on political developments in the country, the current security situation, impacts of the security situation on civilian population at national level. Sub-chapter 1.4 includes a governorate-level description of the security situation, except for the southern governorates and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq sub-chapters, where the information has been clustered. Each governorate chapter includes a brief description of the governorate, actors involved in the conflict, recent security trends, including information on civilian casualties, civilian infrastructure impacted and the existence of unexploded ordnances (UXO) and Explosive Remnants of War (ERW), as well as information on displacement and return.
This is followed by Chapter 2 which is divided into ten sub-chapters. First sub-chapter outlines the general human rights situation in the country. Each sub-chapter contains information on the general situation of selected groups of individuals or profiles within the
Iraqi society as well as their treatment by state, state-affiliated actors and non-state actors. For better readability, cross-links among the sub-chapters of the report are provided where information regarding one or more profiles overlaps with information related to other profiles covered in this report.
Thereafter, chapter 3 outlines the humanitarian and socio-economic situation, including updates on requirements needed to enter and settle in some governorates/cities, and the requirements needed to access civil documentation and services.
This report was jointly drafted by the EUAA Country of Origin Information (COI) Sector together with the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD).
The following departments and organisations reviewed this report:
• France, Office for the Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons (OFPRA), Information, Documentation and Research Division (DIDR);
• Slovak Republic, Department of Documentation and Foreign Cooperation, Ministry of Interior;
• Sweden, Swedish Migration Agency, Country of Origin Information, section for Information Analysis.
The drafting of this report was finalised on 12 September 2025. Any event taking place after this date is not included in this report.
This report was written according to the EUAA COI Report Methodology (2023) and to the EUAA COI Writing and Referencing Style Guide (2023).
Beleid
De veiligheidssituatie in Irak werd sinds 2013 grotendeels bepaald door de opkomst van en de strijd tegen de Islamitische Staat van Irak en Syrië (ISIS). Toenmalig eerste minister al-Abadi verkondigde op 9 december 2017 dat het laatste stukje ISIS-territorium op Iraaks grondgebied was heroverd en dat hiermee een einde was gekomen aan de grondoorlog tegen de terreurorganisatie. Het terugdringen van ISIS en de herovering van gebieden bezet door de organisatie hebben een duidelijk voelbare, positieve impact op de veiligheidssituatie in Irak gehad. ISIS-cellen blijven evenwel actief in verschillende Iraakse provincies en de Iraakse veiligheidstroepen, sjiitische milities en Koerdische Peshmerga voeren nog steeds acties uit tegen de organisatie. Dit vertaalt zich in sterke regionale verschillen in het geweldsniveau, de schaal van het willekeurig geweld en de impact van het conflict. Daarnaast voert het Turkse leger in het kader van het conflict met de PKK luchtaanvallen en grondoperaties uit tegen PKK-doelwitten in de noordelijke grensgebieden van Irak.